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# 10.8.3 Partial Hessian Vibrational Analysis

(February 4, 2022)

The computation of harmonic frequencies for systems with a very large number of atoms can become computationally expensive. However, in many cases only a few specific vibrational modes or vibrational modes localized in a region of the system are of interest. A typical example is the calculation of the vibrational modes of a molecule adsorbed on a surface. In such a case, only the vibrational modes of the adsorbate are useful, and the vibrational modes associated with the surface atoms are of less interest. If the vibrational modes of interest are only weakly coupled to the vibrational modes associated with the rest of the system, it can be appropriate to adopt a partial Hessian approach. In this approach,99, 96 only the part of the Hessian matrix comprising the second derivatives of a subset of the atoms defined by the user is computed. These atoms are defined in the $alist block. This results in a significant decrease in the cost of the calculation. Physically, this approximation corresponds to assigning an infinite mass to all the atoms excluded from the Hessian and will only yield sensible results if these atoms are not involved in the vibrational modes of interest. VPT2 and TOSH anharmonic frequencies can be computed following a partial Hessian calculation.417 It is also possible to include a subset of the harmonic vibrational modes with an anharmonic frequency calculation by invoking the ANHAR_SEL rem. This can be useful to reduce the computational cost of an anharmonic frequency calculation or to explore the coupling between specific vibrational modes. Alternatively, vibrationally averaged interactions with the rest of the system can be folded into a partial Hessian calculation using vibrational subsystem analysis.1290, 1233 Based on an adiabatic approximation, this procedure reduces the cost of diagonalizing the full Hessian, while providing a local probe of fragments vibrations, and providing better than partial Hessian accuracy for the low frequency modes of large molecules.358 Mass-effects from the rest of the system can be vibrationally averaged or excluded within this scheme. PHESS PHESS Controls whether partial Hessian calculations are performed. TYPE: INTEGER DEFAULT: 0 Full Hessian calculation OPTIONS: 1 Partial Hessian calculation. 2 Vibrational subsystem analysis (massless). 3 Vibrational subsystem analysis (weighted). RECOMMENDATION: None N_SOL N_SOL Specifies number of atoms included in the Hessian. TYPE: INTEGER DEFAULT: No default OPTIONS: User defined RECOMMENDATION: None PH_FAST PH_FAST Lowers integral cutoff in partial Hessian calculation is performed. TYPE: LOGICAL DEFAULT: FALSE Use default cutoffs OPTIONS: TRUE Lower integral cutoffs RECOMMENDATION: None Example 10.22 This example shows a partial Hessian frequency calculation of the vibrational frequencies of acetylene on a model of the C(100) surface $comment
acetylene - C(100)
partial Hessian calculation
$end$molecule
0 1
C  0.000  0.659 -2.173
C  0.000 -0.659 -2.173
H  0.000  1.406 -2.956
H  0.000 -1.406 -2.956
C  0.000  0.786 -0.647
C  0.000 -0.786 -0.647
C  1.253  1.192  0.164
C -1.253  1.192  0.164
C  1.253 -1.192  0.164
C  1.297  0.000  1.155
C -1.253 -1.192  0.164
C  0.000  0.000  2.023
C -1.297  0.000  1.155
H -2.179  0.000  1.795
H -1.148 -2.156  0.654
H  0.000 -0.876  2.669
H  2.179  0.000  1.795
H -1.148  2.156  0.654
H -2.153 -1.211 -0.446
H  2.153 -1.211 -0.446
H  1.148 -2.156  0.654
H  1.148  2.156  0.654
H  2.153  1.211 -0.446
H -2.153  1.211 -0.446
H  0.000  0.876  2.669
$end$rem
JOBTYPE           freq
METHOD            hf
BASIS             sto-3g
PHESS             TRUE
N_SOL             4
$end$alist
1
2
3
4
\$end


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