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6.8 Direct Random Phase Approximation Methods

6.8.1 Introduction

(February 4, 2022)

A useful 𝒪(N4) approach called the direct random phase approximation (dRPA) based on the RI approximation is available. This particular implementation was added by Joonho Lee working with Martin Head-Gordon.651 RI-dRPA has been applied to the thermochemistry285 and non-covalent interaction problems817 and often demonstrated superior performance over RI-MP2. In terms of the computational cost, RI-dRPA should be compared to the scaled-opposite-spin MP2 while theoretically it involves diagrams far beyond second-order and includes infinite-order diagrams similarly to coupled-cluster theory. In fact, one can view dRPA as a reduced coupled-cluster with doubles approach.1012 In a nutshell, we define the dRPA energy as

E=EHF+EcdRPA (6.27)

where using the plasmon formula we compute310

EcdRPA=-dω4πtr[ln(𝐈+𝐐(ω))-𝐐(ω)] (6.28)

where

𝐐(ω)=2𝐁T𝐃(𝐃2+ω2𝐈)-1𝐁 (6.29)

with

Bia,P =Q(ia|Q)(Q|P)-1/2 (6.30)
Dia,jb =δijδab(ϵa-ϵi) (6.31)

In this form, the cost of computing the dRPA correlation is quartic-scaling which is comparable to SOS-MP2. To use this method, one must set METHOD = RIDRPA along with AUXBASIS.